Qutub Minar
The Qutab Minar is 15 km south of New Delhi, rises high into the firmament
overlooking an entire area - named Mehrauli which is dotted with
ruins of Islamic monuments.
The minar or tower itself is 73 metres high, its diameter 15 metre at the
baseand just 2 and a ½ metres at the top. It has five distinct storeys,
the first three are of red sandstone, and the fourth and fifth of marble
and sandstone. Each storey has a projecting balcony. The ornamental work
on the tower only reinforces the impressive stature of the tower.
It was started in 1193, after the last Hindu kingdom in Delhi fell to the
Afghan invader Qutab-ud-din. The Qutab Minar complex contains Quwwat-ul-Islam
mosque, the first mosque to be built in India. It was surrounded in early
13th century by a cloistered court by Iltutmish, and in early 14th century
by a red sandstone gateway( the Alai Darwaza) by Ala-ud-din.
To the north of the Qutab Minar and the mosque, stands an unfinishedminar
27 metres high, This is the Ala-i Minar, begun by Ala-ud-din but abandoned
after his death.
Beside the Ala-i Darwaza lies the tomb of Imam Zamin and Iltutmish's tomb
is by the north-west of the mosque. In the courtyard of the mosque stands
a 7-metre-high iron pillar, which is one of the wonders of India. It was
brought from elsewhere and erected there by the Hindu king Chandra Varman
in the 5th century.

Its origins may have been in the Gupta period. Indications that it had once
been crowned by the figure of the mythical bird Garuda who carries the Hindu
god Vishnu on his back suggest that the pillar had originally belonged to
a temple dedicated to a Vishnu temple.
The iron in the pillar is of such in explicable purity that it has notrusted
in all these centuries. It testifies to the fact that ancient India had
acquired great metallurgical skills. Most everyone who visits the Qutab
Minar tries to encircle the iron pillar with one's back to the pillar. It
is supposed to be wish-fulfilling.
Qutub Minar, Monuments in India
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